Who is associated with the concept of eugenics as a way to improve racial qualities?

The concept of eugenics, which aims to improve the genetic quality of the human population, is most closely associated with Sir Francis Galton. He was a polymath and a pioneering figure in the study of heredity and the application of statistical methods to social issues. Galton coined the term "eugenics" in the late 19th century and advocated for various policies that he believed would encourage the reproduction of individuals with desirable traits while discouraging those with undesirable traits. His work laid the foundation for the eugenics movement, which sought to apply these ideas in various ways, including selective breeding and sterilization, with significant and often harmful social implications.

While other figures mentioned, such as Spencer Herbert and Washington Gladdin, contributed to societal discussions in different contexts, they are not known for introducing or supporting the eugenics movement in the same manner as Galton. Abraham Lincoln is primarily recognized for his leadership during the Civil War and his role in the abolition of slavery, rather than any contributions to eugenics.